倒裝句：
一、here, there, now, then, thus 等副詞置於句首， 謂語動詞常用 be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell. 鈴聲響了。
Then came the chairman.主席來了。
Here is your letter. 你的信。
二、否定詞置於句首，句子應進行倒裝。 neither 放句首
Tod can't swim, neither can I. 託德不會游泳，我也不會。
用於 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once, many a time 等詞開頭的句子。
Never shall I go there again. 我再也不去那了。
Little did he know who the woman was.他基本上不知道那女人是誰。
Seldom was he late for class.他很少上學遲到。
用於 no sooner ... than ..., hardly... when... 和 not until... 的句型中
Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. 我剛到車站，火車就離開了。
No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 她剛離開，電話就響了。
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 直到老師來，他才完成作業。
三、用於 only 放句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句的句子。
Only in this way can you master English well. 只有這種方法，你才能學好英語。
Only that time did he do his homework. 直到哪個時間，他才做作業。
Only when he told me did I realize what trouble I was in.
語法
主謂一致
主謂一致是指：
1) 語法形式上要一致，即單複數形式與謂語要一致。
2) 意義上要一致，即主語意義上的單複數要與謂語的單複數形式一致。
3) 就近原則，即謂語動詞的單復形式取決於最靠近它的詞語，
一般來説，不可數名詞用動詞單數，可數名詞複數用動詞複數。
但當不可數名詞前有表示數量的複數名詞時，謂語動詞用複數形式。
1 並列結構作主語時謂語用複數
注意： 當主語由and連結時，如果它表示一個單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物時，謂語動詞用單數，and 此時連接的兩個詞前只有一個冠詞。
2 主謂一致中的就近原則
1) 當there be 句型的主語是一系列事物時，謂語應與最鄰近的主語保持一致。
2)當either…or…與neither…nor，連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞與最鄰近的主語保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引導，而主語又不止一個時，謂語通常也和最鄰近的主語一致。
3 謂語動詞與前面的主語一致
當主語後面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞引起的短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。
go wrong
(1) 走錯路；弄錯方向
(2) 失敗；不順利All our plans went wrong. / Everything went wrong in those days.
(3)發生故障 The clock went wrong.
[比較]表示“變為”的系動詞
(1) go 表示由積極向消極方面變化Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 又如：go mad / pale / blind / hungry
(2) become / get 表示由積極向消極或消極向積極方
面變化 The weather is getting quite warm. / Gradually he became silent.
(3) turn 多接表顏色的詞 This ink turns black when it dries. / He used to be a teacher till he turned writer.
注意：become a writer
(4) grow 側重變化過程 The sea is growing calm.
(5) fall 進入某種狀態 All three children fell asleep.
1) It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. (從句時態用完成時) 這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。
2) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(強調句) 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。
3) I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. 有一天晚上，我熬到11點半故意不睡覺，為的是獨自好好看看月亮一次。
4) Your friend， who doesn’t work hard， asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.(非限制性定語從句) 你的一個朋友叫你在期末考試中幫他作弊，這個朋友平常不認真學習。
5) If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends， you can write to the editor and ask for advice. 如果你在和朋友的相處上有問題，你可以寫信給編輯向他徵求建議。
6) Add up your score and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起來，看看得了多少。
7) What he did has added to our difficulties. 他的所作所為增加了我們的困難。
8) His income adds up to $1000 a month. 他每月的收入共計1000美元。
9) It‘s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. 觀看這些已不再是樂趣，因為大自然是你必須體驗的。
10) Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她為什麼那麼關注他對她的工作的看法？
11) The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察讓他在報告中寫下他所看見的事情。
12) As I was about to go out and search for him， he happened to come in. 正當我打算出去找他時，他恰巧進來。
13) Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 瓊斯先生單獨一人生活，常常感到孤獨。
14) We tried to calm him down， but he kept crying. 我們試圖讓他平靜下來，但他仍不停地哭着。
15) Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather? 他敢在這樣一個暴風雨夜外出嗎？
16) He would go through fire and water for his country. 他願為國家赴湯蹈火。
17) That country suffered a heavy loss in the flood. 那個國家在水災中遭受嚴重的損失。
18) World Englishes come from those countries where English plays an important role as a first or second language， either because of foreign rule or because of its special role as an international language.(定語從句) 世界英語來自那些以英語為第一或第二語言的國家，英語在這些國家起重要作用，或是因為外國的統治，或是因為其作為國際語言的特殊地位。
19) All languages change when cultures communicate with one another. 當不同的語言互相溝通時，所有的語言都會發生變化。
20) Actually， the English spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 was based more on German than present day English.實際上，從公元450年到1150年，人們所説的英語更多的是以德語為基礎的，而現代英語不是。
21) Would you please come up to my flat for a visit? 請到我的公寓裏來坐坐，好嗎？
22) Believe it or not， he cheated in the exams. 信不信由你，他在考試中作弊。
23) Native English speakers can understand each other ev ua en if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以互相交流。
24) Today the number of people learning English in China is larger than even before. 目前在中國學習英語的人數比以往任何時候都多。
25) It is the duty of a government to provide education for the children of its country. (it作形式主語)政府的責任是為其國家的小孩提供教育。
26) Reading is one of the best ways of improving your vocabulary and usage. 閲讀是幫助你改善詞彙及其用法的方法之一。
27) Giving commands is less polite than making a request. 發號命令比發出請求粗魯。
28) We asked her for directions and she told us to go round the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks. 我們向她問路，她告訴我們往左邊拐彎後直走兩個街區。
29) He knows several languages， such as English， French and German. 他懂幾種語言，例如英語、法語和德語。
30) My sister and I have dreamed about cycling along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 我姐姐和我一直夢想要沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅行。
蒙田範文網