1、動詞的種類(四類)
系動詞如be(is am are);情態動詞如can 、may、need;助動詞( do does);行為動詞如take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等
2、動詞的第三人稱單數(與名詞的複數一樣)
如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)
3、動詞的時態(一般現在時)
( 1)含有系動詞的
I’m a Chinese boy 。
She is twelve 。
He is Tim’s brother 。
Her mother is an English teacher 。
含有系動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只將“主語和系動詞交換位置”,上面句子變成一般疑問句時分別為
Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人稱通常變為第二人稱)
Is she twelve ?
Is he Tim’s brother ?
Is her mother an English teacher ?
含有系動詞的句子在變否定句時只須“在系動詞的後邊加上not”,前面的幾個了陳述句變否定句分別為
I’m not a Chinese boy.
She isn’t twelve 。
He is not Tim’s btother 。
Her mother isn’t an English teacher 。
(2)含有情態動詞的。句子( can ),
She can play basketball.
His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.
含有情態動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只須將“主語和情態動詞交換位置”,上面兩句變一般疑問句分別為
Can she play basketball ?
Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?
含有情態動詞的句子在變否定句時直接在情態動詞的後邊加上not ,上面兩個陳述句變否定句分別為
She can not play basketball 。
His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs 。
(3)含有行為動詞的句子
We have many friends.
They watch TV at 7 in the evening 。
The students take their books to school 。
I have lunch at school 。
You have a sister 。
1含有行為動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為
Do you have many friends ?
Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?
Do the students take their books to school ?
Do you have lunch at school ?
Do you have a sister ?
2含有行為動詞的句子在變否定句時只須在行為動詞前加don’t 。上述五個陳述句變否定句分別為
We don’t have many friends.
They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening 。
The students don’t take their books to school 。
I don’t have lunch at school 。
You don’t have a sister 。
3含有行為動詞的句子,當主語是第三人稱單數時,行為動詞要加s (或es)如:
She has a red pen 。
He has eggs for breakfast 。
Her mother buys a skirt for her 。
She likes thrillers 。
My brother watches TV every evening 。
He wants to go to a movie 。
含有行為動詞的句子,當主語是第三人稱單數時,變一般疑問句要“在原句子的前面加上does ,同時行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為:
Does she have a red pen ?
Does he have eggs for breakfast ?
Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?
Does she like thrillers ?
Does your brother watch TV every evening ?
Does he want to go to a movie ?
含有行為動詞的句子,當主語是第三人稱單數時,變否定句時“在行為動詞前面加does’nt ,同時原行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變否定句分別為:
She doesn’t have a red pen 。
He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast 。
Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her 。
She doesn’t like thrillers 。
My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening 。
He doesn’t want to go to a movie 。
冠詞的用法(名詞前面必須要有冠詞)
冠詞分為定冠詞(the)和不定冠詞(a, an)兩種。
1、定冠詞the表示“特指”,可譯為“這個”、“那個”、“這些”、“那些”。
2、不定冠詞a, an用來表明(可數)名詞的數量是“一個”。an用於以元音開頭(注意不是以元音字母開頭)的單詞前,a則英語非元音開頭的單詞前。
3、不定冠詞a, an與基數詞one的區別是:不定冠詞不是刻意強調“數量”,而基數詞則強調“數量”。
助動詞(do, does )的用法
只有實意動詞作謂語時才涉及使用助動詞。以like為例:
(1)當句子為肯定句時不涉及使用助動詞,只涉及“主謂一致”原則。
eg : I like English a lot.
Michael likes Chinese food very much.
(2)當句子為否定句時,要根據主語的人稱來決定使用相應的助動詞:當主語為“三單”時,要使用does;當主語為“非三單”時,用助動詞原形do。例如把下列句子變否定句:
Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.
They like sports.------They don't like sports.
(3)當句子變疑問句時,同樣要根據句子的主語來決定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子變問句:
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.
名詞所有格
1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;
2、用of表示“。.。.。.的”,但要從of後往of前翻譯:a book of mine(我的一本書)
3、have與of的區別:
have一般表示“主動擁有”,往往用於有生命的人或動物;無生命的物體一般不能“主動擁有”,表示所屬關係時要用of。例如:
I have a new bike. She has two big eyes.
a door of the house
①一套a set of a set of keys一串鑰匙a set of books一套書A set of+物品的複數
②打擾一下Excuse me
③幫助某人學習某物help sb with sth幫助我學習英語help me with my English
④教某人學某物teach sb sth teach us English教我們學英語
⑤失物招領Lost and Found在失物招領盒子裏In the Lost and Found case
⑥Call sb at+號碼sb要用賓格
⑦e-mail sb at+網址給某人發郵件
⑧what about=How about
What about you?你呢?What about saying it in English?用英語説它怎麼樣?About+動詞的ing形式
一般疑問句及特殊疑問句
1、一般疑問句:能用Yes或No來回答的問句。一般疑問句句尾讀升調。
2、特殊疑問句:不能用Yes或No來回答的問句。特殊疑問句句尾讀降調。
、可數名詞變複數
可數名詞變複數時,有規則變化和不規則變化兩種。
1、規則變化:
(1)一般情況直接在詞尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
(2)以s, x, sh, ch結尾的詞,要在詞尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
(3)以輔音字母加y結尾的詞,變y為i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
(4)部分以f (e)結尾的詞,變f (e)為“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;
(5)以o結尾的詞,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。記憶口訣:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”。
2、不規則變化:
(1)改變單數名詞中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;
(2)單、復同形:
-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;
(3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。
簡單句的成分及主謂一致原則
最基本構成:主語+謂語+賓語,其中謂語由動詞來充當。
主謂一致原則,就是句子的謂語要始終與主語保持數量上的一致性。當主語是第三人稱單數(簡稱“三單”)時,謂語動詞也要相應變成單數形式;當主語非“三單”時,謂語動詞就用原形。實意動詞變“三單”的規則如下:
(1)一般動詞在詞尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;
(2)以字母s, x,ch, sh結尾的動詞加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;
(3)以o結尾的動詞一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;
(4)以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞,先變y為i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;
(5)have的三單形式是has。
48個國際音標及26個英文字母的正確書寫
要熟練掌握元音和輔音,5個元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正確佔格及單詞間距。
be動詞的用法
be動詞有三種變形,分別是:am, is, are。記憶口訣:
“我”用am, “你”用are, is用於“他、她、它”;單數全都用is,複數全部都用are。
人稱及人稱代詞的不同形式(主格和賓格)
1、三種人稱:第一人稱(I, we),第二人稱(you, you),第三人稱(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人稱代詞的主格,即人稱代詞位於句子主語位置時的形態:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人稱代詞的賓格,即人稱代詞位於句子賓語位置時的形態:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容詞性物主代詞:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名詞性物主代詞:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代詞:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
四、基數詞(表示數量多少的詞,大致相當於代數裏的自然數)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。
短語句型:總結了國中英語教學,國中英語單詞,國中英語作文,國中英語輔導中務必掌握的英語考點。
1,Let’splaysoccer.=LetusplaysoccerLetmehelpyou.
letsbdosth讓某人做某事(sb代表人,如果是代詞用賓格,do代表動詞原形)
2,那聽起來不錯Thatsoundsgood.
3,play+球類表示“踢,打,玩。.。.。.”playfootball
play+棋類playchess
play+the+樂器表示“彈奏……樂器”playthepiano
4,interesting修飾物interested修飾人beinterestedin···對···感興趣
boring修飾物bored修飾物
relaxing修飾物relaxed修飾物relax動詞放鬆Relaxyourself
5,很多體育收藏品agreatsportscolletion
6,everyday每天everyday日常的
7,做運動playsports
1、人稱代詞和物主代詞
2、指示代詞: this (these) that (those)
3、不定代詞some someone
4、疑問代詞who what how much how old (疑問副詞:when where )
5、反身代詞yourself