She seldom comes to visit us, does she?
He hardly knew it, did he?
在回答反義疑問句時,通常用'yes'或者'no'加上主語和助動詞或者情態動詞。這裏的回答是對前面已陳述內容的肯定或者否定,一定要注意避免受漢語思維的影響。
例句1:You do not get the main idea of this article, do you?你沒有了解這篇文章的大意,對嗎?
Yes, I do. 不,我理解了。
No, I don't. 是的,我沒有理解。
英語反義疑問句的特殊情況
學習反義疑問句時,除了掌握一般的規則,還要了解一些特殊的情況。這些特殊情況可能是主語比較特殊也有可能是謂語比較特殊,從而導致附加疑問句的特殊變化。
(1) 當陳述部分主語是'this'或者'that'時,附加疑問部分的主語通常用'it';當陳述部分主語是'these'或者'those'時,附加疑問部分的主語通常用'they'。
例句1:This is a boat, isn't it?這是一艘船,不是嗎?
例句2:Those are flowers, aren't they? 那些是花,不是嗎?
(2) 當陳述部分主語是'nobody''no one''somebody''someone'等不定代詞時,附加疑問部分的'主語通常用'they(強調全體)'或者'he(強調個體)';當陳述部分的主語是'something''nothing''everything'等不定代詞時,附加疑問部分的主語通常用'it'。
例句1:Someone is waiting for you in the garden, isn't he? 有人在公園等你,不是嗎?
例句2:No one knows where he comes from, do they? 沒人知道他從哪來,是嗎?
例句3:Everything seems different today, doesn't it? 今天似乎所有事情都不同了,不是嗎?
(3) 當陳述部分主語是非謂語動詞或名詞性從句時,附加疑問部分的主語通常用'it'。
例句1:Taking care of our environment is of great significance, isn't it?
保護好我們的環境意義重大。
例句2:To protect the security of personal property is our unshirkable responsibility, isn't it?
保護私人財產安全是我們不可推卸的責任,不是嗎?
例句3:What we saw was not what really happened, was it?
我們看到的不是真正發生的事情,對嗎?
(4) 陳述部分是以'there be'開頭的句子,附加疑問部分仍然用'there'。
例句1:There is a bird in the tree, isn't there? 樹上有一隻鳥,不是嗎?
(5) 當陳述部分是I'm結構的句子是,附加疑問部分用'aren't I'。
例句1:I'm late, aren't I? 我沒遲到吧?
(6) 在祈使句中通常情況下都是用'will you',但是在'Let's'開頭的祈使句中,附加疑問部分要用'shall we',而'Let us'開頭的祈使句中,疑問部分也是用'will you'。
例句1:Pass me the salt, will you? 把鹽遞給我好嗎?
例句2:Let's go for an outing, shall we? 我們去郊遊好嗎?
(7) 當陳述句中的謂語動詞是'must+動詞原形'時,根據must在句中的意義可分為三種情況。(請參考前期講義'must的反義疑問句')
例句1:You must be Tom, aren't you? 你肯定是湯姆,不是嗎?
例句2:You mustn't sit here, will/may you? 請不要坐在這,可以嗎?
例句3:You must go now, needn't you? 你必須得走了,不是嗎?
(8) 當陳述部分為主從複合句,主句的謂語動詞是'believe''suppose''expect''think'等,且主語是'I'或者'we'時,附加疑問部分的人稱,時態以及否定關係應該與賓語從句保持一致(此時一定要注意否定轉移情況)。
例句1:I believe that he can get good mark in this monthly examination, can't he?
我相信他在這次月考中能取得好成績,不是嗎?
例句2:I don't think that they are excellent, are they?
我覺得他們不優秀,不是嗎?
(9) 當陳述部分出現否定詞或者具有否定意義的詞,如:little, hardly, seldom, never, no, not, neither等時,附加疑問部分要用肯定。
例句1:You never focus your mind on your job, do you?
你從來都不把注意力放在工作上,對嗎?
例句2:He could hardly understand what you said, could he?
他幾乎聽不懂你説的話,對嗎?
Do it at once, will you?
但如表示邀請,勸告,反意問句用 “won't you”
Have a cup of tea, won't you?
I don't think that he is an honest man, is he?
He is a student, isn't he?
He isn't a student, is he?
(1) “have to, had better, used to”要用下列方式反問:
He has to finish the work, doesn't he?
They used to smoke, didn't / usedn't they?
You'd better get up immediately, hadn't you?
(2) “has, have”作為助動詞和實意動詞,反問形式不同。
We have done all the work, haven't we?
You have some time, don't you?
Don't open the window, will you?