同位語的從句與先行詞等同或同位，其先行詞為:advice，indication，assumption，agreement，danger，fact，news，idea，thought，question，problem，
reply，report，remark，word，information，promise，reason，answer，doubt， discovery，fear，message，proposal， story，theory，request，
truth，opinion，hope，suggestion，conclusion，order，decision，
possibility等抽象名詞。關聯詞常用that，偶爾whether用引導，有時結合語意也可用疑問代詞who，which，what和疑問副詞where， when，why，how等引導。例如:
1、They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
2、Where did you get the idea that I could not e?
3、Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
4、There is a real danger that Oxford will not retain its world position.
5、Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was ing to inspect them．
幾年以後，有消息傳來説拿破崙要親自視 察他們。
6、The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起可能敵人已經逃出城了。
7、There is no doubt that the price of wheat will go up。毫無疑問，小麥的價格將會上漲。（doubt為抽象名詞，同位語從句）
8、The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule be adopted。採納新規則的提議是主席提出來的。
9、Chevrons，scientists say，not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower.
10、There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historians inquiry.
所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史探究中各個具體領域適用的研究手段，人們對此意見不一。
11、I have no idea where I should go.
12、I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.
13、We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation。到哪兒去度暑假，這個問題我們還沒有決定。
14、It si a question how he did it.他如何做了此事，是個問題。
15、I have no idea when he will be back．我不明白他什麼時候回來。
16、He has solved the problem why the radio was out of order.他解決了收音機為何出故障的問題。（why引導的是同位語從句）
一、同位語從句的引導詞
引導同位語從句的詞語通常有連詞that，whether，連接代詞和連接副詞等。
1、由whether引導
There is some doubt whether he will e. 他是否會來還不必須。
Answer my question whether you are ing. 你回答我的問題：你來不來。
The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result. 這個是對還是錯要看結果。
We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我們不是在調查他是否能夠信任的問題。
【注意】whether 可引導同位語從句，但if不能引導同位語從句。
2、由that引導
We heard the news that our team had won. 我們聽到消息説我們隊贏了。
They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他們為你生病發愁。
The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不實。
I’ve e to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that. 我得出結論這樣做是不明智的。
The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. 那筆錢不見了這一事實並不意味着是被偷了。
He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun. 他提到了哥白尼關於地球繞太陽轉的説法。
【注意1】在某些名詞（如demand， wish， suggestion， resolution等）後面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣。如：
They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. 他們應對廢除這個税的要求。
They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他們表示期望她理解這筆獎金。
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一項提議是布朗應當離隊。
The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 採納新規則的提議是主席提出的。
The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried. 允許婦女參加這個協會的決議經過了。
I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker. 我理解他們期望你作主要發言人的殷切心境。
【注意2】引導同位語從句的連詞that通常不省略，但在非正式文體中也能夠省去。如：
He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，給人的印象是他要登上飛往東京的飛機了。
3、由連接副詞引導
I have no idea when he will e back. 我不明白他什麼時候回來。
It is a question how he did it. 那是一個他如何做的問題。
He had no idea why she left. 他不明白她為什麼離開。
You have no idea how worried I was! 你不明白我多着急！
4、由連接代詞引導
Have you any idea what time it starts? 你明白什麼時候開始嗎？
From 1985-90 I was an instructor at the regional party headquarters. After that I went back to work in a factory. Then I had no idea what a casino was. 從1985年到1990年我是地方黨部的教員。隨後我回到一家工廠工作。當時我不明白賭場是什麼樣的地方。
二、關於分離同位語從句
有時同位語從句能夠和同位的名詞分開。如：
The story goes that he beats his wife. 傳説他打老婆。
The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery. 消息傳開説他中彩得了一輛汽車。
The rumour spread that a new school would be built her〖〗e. 謠傳那裏要蓋一所新學校。
Report has it that the Smiths are leaving town. 有傳言説史密斯一家要離開這座城市。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他想到可能敵人已逃離這座城市。
The order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village. 不久命令下來，所有居民都必須撤出村子。(G31)
二、同位語從句與定語從句的區別
1、意義的不一樣
同位語從句是用於説明所修飾名詞的具體資料的，它與被修飾詞語通常能夠劃等號；而定語從句是限制所修飾名詞的，它的`作用是將所修飾的名詞與其他類似的東西區別開來：
We are glad at the news that he will e. 聽到他要來這個消息我們很高興。（news的資料就是that he will e，故that引導的是同位語從句）
We are glad at the news that he told us. 聽到他告訴我們的這個消息我們很高興。（that從句是限制the news的資料的，即我們高興只是因為他告訴的這個news而不是其他的news，故that從句為定語從句）
2、引導詞的功能上的不一樣
that引導同位語從句時，它不充當句子成分，而引導定語從句時，它作為關係代詞，要麼充當定語從句的主語，要麼充當定語從句的賓語。如上例 that he told us中的that就充當told的賓語。
3、引導詞的不一樣
what， how， if， whatever 等可引導名詞性從句，但不引導定語從句。
4、被修飾詞語的區別
同位語從句所修飾的名詞比較有限，通常有hope， wish， idea， news， fact， promise， opinion， suggestion， truth等，而定語從句所修飾的名詞則十分廣泛。 另外，when和where 引導定語從句時，通常只修飾表示時光和地點的名詞，而它們引導同位語從句時卻不必須；又如why引導定語從句，它通常只修飾名詞the reason，而它引導同位語從句時則不必須：
We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice. 我們不明白這個問題，為什麼這是最好的選擇。（同位語從句 ）
The reason why he didn’t e to the meeting is that he is ill. 他未能來開會，原因是他生病了。（定語從句）
I have no idea when they will e 。 我不明白他們什麼時候來。（同位語從句）
I’ll never forget the days when I lived there. 我永遠不會忘記我住在那兒的日子。（定語從句）
1、She hasn't made the decision whether she should give up.
她還沒決定她是否應當放下。
2、I have no idea what has happened to him.
我不明白他發生了什麼事。
3、There was no doubt that he is honest man.
毫無疑問他是誠實的人。
4、You have no idea how worried I was.
你不明白我當時有多擔憂。
5、I have no idea why he resigned.
我不明白他為何辭職。
6、I have no idea when he will be back.
我不明白他什麼時候會回來。
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